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The Many Possible Causes Of Domesticated Bee Colony Collapse Disorder
Beekeepers have always suffered losses of their honey bees but in the olden times those losses were slow-going and the beekeeper was always able to discover the cause, usually a bacteria, mite or some other fungus and take useful action. Not so with colony collapse disorder, (sometimes called colony collapse syndrome or colony collapse disease). With colony collapse disorder more domesticated bees are declining faster with no glaring reason and because only the queen and a few workers are left alive the colony dies.
The disappearing is still a mystery. As yet there has been no firm proof to point to any one cause for their annihilation. This has led to the theory that there is more than one cause to colony collapse disorder (CCD). Possible causes are:
Genetically modified crops
An experiment carried out by a beekeeper, John McDonald, seems to suggest that genetically modified crops could be the cause of colony collapse disorder. He placed eight bee colonies in a place where the domesticated bees would have no interaction with genetically modified crops and an equal number of bee hives on farms that grew genetically modified crops. At the end of the season in October the results of the honey collecting of both sets of honeybees was examined. The results between the two sets of bee colonies were very disparate.
The eight non-GMO honey bee colonies produced 150 pounds of honey, per bee hive, in the over-wintering brood supers. Plus, between them, the 8 colonies produced 200 pounds of extra honey. The farm honey bees, on the other hand, had produced no extra honey and had not even packed the over-wintering brood supers. These farm bees will require feeding in order to ride out the winter.
Pesticides
The pesticide believed to be the main culprit in causing colony collapse disorder is nicotine-based Clothianidin, an insecticide in the neonicotinoid family. In Germany researchers found that 99 percent of dead bees had high levels of Clothianidin in their bodies. As a result the 7 pesticides in the neonicotinoid family have been provisionally vetoed.
In the US imidacloprid seems to be the pesticide causing the most colony collapse disease. For example in North Dakota one third of colonies died after imidacloprid was used on oil seed rape.
Cell phones
Is the electromagnetic radiation given off by mobile phobes interfering with the bee's direction system thus preventing the honey bees from sorting out their way back to the hive. Some investigation carried out by Dr Jochen Kuhn shows that honey bees do not like going back to their hives when a cell phone is situated near the hive. If honeybees are trying to elude cell phone radiation then this could answer why they are getting lost and incapable of finding their way home.
Sustenance
Bees normally use natural material like pollen, sap, nectar, or other botanical materials, for fabricating into honey. When beekeepers take away this honey, which the honey bees would normally partake of over winter, and replace it with High Fructose Corn Syrup a natural raw food is being replaced with a highly processed dead food. High Fructose Corn Syrup is lacking in the many minerals and vitamins found in honey so the honeybees are forced to eat inferior sustenance which results in their impoverished health and devitalized immune systems.
So what is the cause of bee colony collapse disorder. Probably a combination of all of the above though GMOs, and the neonicotinoid pesticides, seem to be the main factors which has caused the dramatic increase in bees disappearing.
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